diff --git a/src/process/ProviderDeadline.test.ts b/src/process/ProviderDeadline.test.ts
index b43ce66542..05ee691dcb 100644
--- a/src/process/ProviderDeadline.test.ts
+++ b/src/process/ProviderDeadline.test.ts
@@ -33,3 +33,112 @@ it("aborts a bounded wait when its real monotonic deadline expires", async () =>
     deadline.dispose();
   }
 });
+
+it("does not expire a future monotonic deadline on an early timer callback", async () => {
+  vi.useFakeTimers({ toFake: ["setTimeout", "clearTimeout"] });
+  let monotonic = 0;
+  vi.spyOn(performance, "now").mockImplementation(() => monotonic);
+  const deadline = new ProviderStartupDeadline(40);
+  try {
+    monotonic = 39;
+    await vi.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(40);
+    expect(deadline.remainingMs()).toBe(1);
+    expect(deadline.signal.aborted).toBe(false);
+    expect(deadline.interruption).toBeUndefined();
+  } finally {
+    deadline.dispose();
+    vi.useRealTimers();
+  }
+});
+
+it("aborts when the re-armed timer reaches the absolute deadline", async () => {
+  vi.useFakeTimers({ toFake: ["setTimeout", "clearTimeout"] });
+  let monotonic = 0;
+  vi.spyOn(performance, "now").mockImplementation(() => monotonic);
+  const deadline = new ProviderStartupDeadline(40);
+  try {
+    monotonic = 39;
+    await vi.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(40);
+    expect(deadline.signal.aborted).toBe(false);
+    monotonic = 40;
+    await vi.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(1);
+    expect(deadline.signal.aborted).toBe(true);
+    expect(deadline.interruption).toBe("timeout");
+    expect(deadline.remainingMs()).toBe(0);
+  } finally {
+    deadline.dispose();
+    vi.useRealTimers();
+  }
+});
+
+it("reports a wait that resolves at the deadline as aborted, not elapsed", async () => {
+  vi.useFakeTimers({ toFake: ["setTimeout", "clearTimeout"] });
+  let monotonic = 0;
+  vi.spyOn(performance, "now").mockImplementation(() => monotonic);
+  const deadline = new ProviderStartupDeadline(40);
+  try {
+    const pending = deadline.wait(500);
+    monotonic = 40;
+    await vi.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(40);
+    await expect(pending).resolves.toBe("aborted");
+  } finally {
+    deadline.dispose();
+    vi.useRealTimers();
+  }
+});
+
+it("resolves a polling interval shorter than the budget as elapsed", async () => {
+  vi.useFakeTimers({ toFake: ["setTimeout", "clearTimeout"] });
+  let monotonic = 0;
+  vi.spyOn(performance, "now").mockImplementation(() => monotonic);
+  const deadline = new ProviderStartupDeadline(40);
+  try {
+    const pending = deadline.wait(10);
+    monotonic = 10;
+    await vi.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(10);
+    await expect(pending).resolves.toBe("elapsed");
+    expect(deadline.signal.aborted).toBe(false);
+    expect(deadline.remainingMs()).toBe(30);
+  } finally {
+    deadline.dispose();
+    vi.useRealTimers();
+  }
+});
+
+it("keeps caller cancellation classified without reporting an exhausted budget", () => {
+  vi.useFakeTimers({ toFake: ["setTimeout", "clearTimeout"] });
+  let monotonic = 0;
+  vi.spyOn(performance, "now").mockImplementation(() => monotonic);
+  const caller = new AbortController();
+  const deadline = new ProviderStartupDeadline(40, caller.signal);
+  try {
+    monotonic = 20;
+    caller.abort(new Error("caller stopped startup"));
+    expect(deadline.signal.aborted).toBe(true);
+    expect(deadline.interruption).toBe("cancelled");
+    expect(deadline.remainingMs()).toBe(20);
+  } finally {
+    deadline.dispose();
+    vi.useRealTimers();
+  }
+});
+
+it("releases the timer and listener on dispose with a pending wait", async () => {
+  vi.useFakeTimers({ toFake: ["setTimeout", "clearTimeout"] });
+  let monotonic = 0;
+  vi.spyOn(performance, "now").mockImplementation(() => monotonic);
+  const deadline = new ProviderStartupDeadline(40);
+  try {
+    const pending = deadline.wait(500);
+    deadline.dispose();
+    monotonic = 100;
+    await vi.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(100);
+    expect(deadline.signal.aborted).toBe(false);
+    // The deadline expired while disposed, so the clamped wait resolves
+    // "aborted" from the monotonic clock instead of polling past expiry.
+    await expect(pending).resolves.toBe("aborted");
+  } finally {
+    deadline.dispose();
+    vi.useRealTimers();
+  }
+});
diff --git a/src/process/ProviderDeadline.ts b/src/process/ProviderDeadline.ts
index 33cb3a8d00..0b9390190b 100644
--- a/src/process/ProviderDeadline.ts
+++ b/src/process/ProviderDeadline.ts
@@ -61,13 +61,7 @@ export class ProviderStartupDeadline {
       return;
     }
     signal?.addEventListener("abort", this.#onExternalAbort, { once: true });
-    this.#timer = setTimeout(() => {
-      if (this.#controller.signal.aborted) return;
-      this.#interruption = "timeout";
-      this.#abort(
-        new DOMException("Provider startup deadline elapsed", "TimeoutError"),
-      );
-    }, timeoutMs);
+    this.#armDeadlineTimer(timeoutMs);
   }
 
   /** Composite signal aborted by either the caller or the absolute deadline. */
@@ -90,10 +84,18 @@ export class ProviderStartupDeadline {
 
   /** Wait for at most one polling interval under the shared deadline signal. */
   wait(milliseconds: number): Promise<AbortableWaitResult> {
+    const budget = this.remainingMs();
     return waitForAbortableDelay(
-      Math.min(milliseconds, this.remainingMs()),
+      Math.min(milliseconds, budget),
       this.signal,
-    );
+    ).then((result) => {
+      // A wait clamped to the full budget can resolve at the deadline before
+      // the re-armed abort timer fires. Report the expired deadline as an
+      // abort so polling stops at the boundary instead of reporting "elapsed".
+      if (result === "elapsed" && performance.now() >= this.#deadlineAt)
+        return "aborted";
+      return result;
+    });
   }
 
   /** Release the deadline timer and external abort listener. */
@@ -112,4 +114,28 @@ export class ProviderStartupDeadline {
     if (this.#timer !== undefined) clearTimeout(this.#timer);
     this.#timer = undefined;
   }
+
+  /**
+   * Arm (or re-arm) the timer that expires the absolute monotonic deadline.
+   *
+   * Node timers can fire a fraction of a millisecond before the deadline.
+   * Aborting on such an early delivery would expire a future deadline, so the
+   * callback re-checks the monotonic clock: it only classifies "timeout" once
+   * the deadline has actually expired, otherwise it re-arms for the residual
+   * budget. The residual budget strictly decreases, so the re-arm converges.
+   */
+  #armDeadlineTimer(milliseconds: number): void {
+    this.#timer = setTimeout(() => {
+      this.#timer = undefined;
+      if (this.#controller.signal.aborted) return;
+      if (performance.now() >= this.#deadlineAt) {
+        this.#interruption = "timeout";
+        this.#abort(
+          new DOMException("Provider startup deadline elapsed", "TimeoutError"),
+        );
+        return;
+      }
+      this.#armDeadlineTimer(this.remainingMs());
+    }, milliseconds);
+  }
 }