diff --git a/src/application/environment/environmentStateAnswer.ts b/src/application/environment/environmentStateAnswer.ts
index cd41601dac..7417d6524e 100644
--- a/src/application/environment/environmentStateAnswer.ts
+++ b/src/application/environment/environmentStateAnswer.ts
@@ -2,8 +2,6 @@ import { stateBodyJson } from "../../domain/analysisView/EnvironmentStateAccumul
 import {
   collectionPathOf,
   listItems,
-  pageSize,
-  pagesOnly,
   missingRequiredFields,
   renderStateEntity,
   renderStateList,
@@ -17,6 +15,10 @@ import {
   type StateListView,
   type StateView,
 } from "../../domain/analysisView/environmentStateRules.js";
+import {
+  pageSize,
+  pagesOnly,
+} from "../../domain/analysisView/environmentStatePaging.js";
 import { isAbsence } from "../../domain/analysisView/environmentStateWriteChecks.js";
 import type { AnalysisError } from "../../domain/analysisErrorBase.js";
 import {
diff --git a/src/domain/analysisView/environmentStateGate.ts b/src/domain/analysisView/environmentStateGate.ts
index c1ba4a7bb3..0e0b175096 100644
--- a/src/domain/analysisView/environmentStateGate.ts
+++ b/src/domain/analysisView/environmentStateGate.ts
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ import {
   isObject,
   lastSegmentValue,
   listItems,
-  pagesOnly,
   renderStateEntity,
   renderStateList,
   replaceAt,
@@ -20,6 +19,7 @@ import {
   type StateToolFacts,
   type StateView,
 } from "./environmentStateRules.js";
+import { pagesOnly } from "./environmentStatePaging.js";
 import { ENTRY_BYTES, textBytes } from "./webNetworkRouteTemplates.js";
 
 /** A read tool whose recordings locate entities of one type at one pointer. */
diff --git a/src/domain/analysisView/environmentStatePaging.ts b/src/domain/analysisView/environmentStatePaging.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..237e94f50a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/domain/analysisView/environmentStatePaging.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+import {
+  iterateUrlQueryParameters,
+  parseUrlQueryParameterNames,
+} from "../recordedTransportUrl.js";
+
+/** Query parameters that page or bound a list without filtering it. */
+const PAGING_PARAMETERS = new Set([
+  "limit",
+  "offset",
+  "page",
+  "per_page",
+  "perpage",
+  "page_size",
+  "pagesize",
+  "size",
+  "start",
+  "_start",
+  "_end",
+]);
+
+/** Whether a query only pages its list: no parameters, or paging parameters alone. */
+export const pagesOnly = (query: string | undefined): boolean =>
+  query === undefined ||
+  [...parseUrlQueryParameterNames(query)].every((name) =>
+    PAGING_PARAMETERS.has(name.toLowerCase()),
+  );
+
+/** Paging parameters that bound how many items a page holds. */
+const PAGE_SIZE_PARAMETERS = new Set([
+  "limit",
+  "per_page",
+  "perpage",
+  "page_size",
+  "pagesize",
+  "size",
+]);
+
+/** The most items a query's page holds: its smallest whole-number page-size value or `_start`–`_end` range width, or undefined without one. */
+export const pageSize = (query: string | undefined): number | undefined => {
+  let size = Infinity;
+  const range = { start: 0, end: Infinity };
+  for (const [name, value] of iterateUrlQueryParameters(query ?? "")) {
+    const key = name.toLowerCase();
+    if (!/^\d+$/u.test(value)) continue;
+    // A size of zero bounds nothing: applications read it as no limit, as a whole line naming it shows.
+    if (PAGE_SIZE_PARAMETERS.has(key)) {
+      if (Number(value) > 0) size = Math.min(size, Number(value));
+    } else if (key === "_start") range.start = Number(value);
+    else if (key === "_end") range.end = Number(value);
+  }
+  const width = Math.min(size, Math.max(range.end - range.start, 0));
+  return Number.isFinite(width) ? width : undefined;
+};
diff --git a/src/domain/analysisView/environmentStateRules.ts b/src/domain/analysisView/environmentStateRules.ts
index 99a43ec22d..c9875117a9 100644
--- a/src/domain/analysisView/environmentStateRules.ts
+++ b/src/domain/analysisView/environmentStateRules.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,4 @@
 import { canonicalJson } from "../comparisonSemantics.js";
-import {
-  iterateUrlQueryParameters,
-  parseUrlQueryParameterNames,
-} from "../recordedTransportUrl.js";
 import type { JsonValue } from "../jsonValue.js";
 import type { StateWritePlan } from "./environmentStateWriteRules.js";
 import { ENTRY_BYTES, textBytes } from "./webNetworkRouteTemplates.js";
@@ -147,55 +143,6 @@ const QUERY_SEGMENTS = new Set([
   "_count",
   "_msearch",
 ]);
-/** Query parameters that page or bound a list without filtering it. */
-const PAGING_PARAMETERS = new Set([
-  "limit",
-  "offset",
-  "page",
-  "per_page",
-  "perpage",
-  "page_size",
-  "pagesize",
-  "size",
-  "start",
-  "_start",
-  "_end",
-]);
-
-/** Whether a query only pages its list: no parameters, or paging parameters alone. */
-export const pagesOnly = (query: string | undefined): boolean =>
-  query === undefined ||
-  [...parseUrlQueryParameterNames(query)].every((name) =>
-    PAGING_PARAMETERS.has(name.toLowerCase()),
-  );
-
-/** Paging parameters that bound how many items a page holds. */
-const PAGE_SIZE_PARAMETERS = new Set([
-  "limit",
-  "per_page",
-  "perpage",
-  "page_size",
-  "pagesize",
-  "size",
-]);
-
-/** The most items a query's page holds: its smallest whole-number page-size value or `_start`–`_end` range width, or undefined without one. */
-export const pageSize = (query: string | undefined): number | undefined => {
-  let size = Infinity;
-  const range = { start: 0, end: Infinity };
-  for (const [name, value] of iterateUrlQueryParameters(query ?? "")) {
-    const key = name.toLowerCase();
-    if (!/^\d+$/u.test(value)) continue;
-    // A size of zero bounds nothing: applications read it as no limit, as a whole line naming it shows.
-    if (PAGE_SIZE_PARAMETERS.has(key)) {
-      if (Number(value) > 0) size = Math.min(size, Number(value));
-    } else if (key === "_start") range.start = Number(value);
-    else if (key === "_end") range.end = Number(value);
-  }
-  const width = Math.min(size, Math.max(range.end - range.start, 0));
-  return Number.isFinite(width) ? width : undefined;
-};
-
 /** Identity field names tried, in order, when no path parameter proves one. */
 export const IDENTITY_NAMES = [
   "id",
diff --git a/src/domain/analysisView/environmentStateWriteChecks.ts b/src/domain/analysisView/environmentStateWriteChecks.ts
index f0b6cf3bad..8efdf0d90f 100644
--- a/src/domain/analysisView/environmentStateWriteChecks.ts
+++ b/src/domain/analysisView/environmentStateWriteChecks.ts
@@ -13,8 +13,6 @@ import {
   lastSegmentValue,
   listItems,
   missingRequiredFields,
-  pagesOnly,
-  pageSize,
   renderStateEntity,
   renderStateList,
   replaceAt,
@@ -30,6 +28,7 @@ import {
   type StateToolFacts,
   type StateView,
 } from "./environmentStateRules.js";
+import { pagesOnly, pageSize } from "./environmentStatePaging.js";
 
 /** A query as replay compares a call's: decoded values by name, in any order; undefined when it repeats a name with another value, which no call's arguments can carry. */
 const queryKey = (query: string | undefined): string | undefined => {