fix(process): attribute trace omissions without changing shared successors

docs/process-capture.md

@@ -484,7 +484,11 @@ Trace assertions use coverage for the sources they select, so an assertion
 about complete raw terminal output need not fail because rendered snapshots
 were omitted. A trace difference applies to the dimensions identified by its
 diagnostic; unrelated dimensions retain their own comparison, including unknown
-coverage. Captures missing `truncation_details` are rejected on import;
+coverage. A finite-variant omission stays nonconforming to that variant, but does
+not mark a shared successor changed merely because its journal position shifted.
+Observed ordering violations remain changes. When a requested trace differs or
+its journal is unavailable and per-source values cannot locate the difference,
+`first_divergence` is unknown rather than evidence that no divergence occurred. Captures missing `truncation_details` are rejected on import;
 preserve them as historical files and recapture for current comparisons.
 `limits.file_bytes` is already the cumulative whole-file hashing budget,
 independent of `limits.output_bytes`, which bounds retained terminal content.

src/domain/process/processComparison.ts

@@ -503,15 +503,21 @@ export const compareProcessCaptures = (
         ? ({ status: "none" } as const)
         : observedFirstDivergence.status === "found"
           ? observedFirstDivergence
-          : !sameNormalization ||
-              left.residual_unknowns.length > 0 ||
-              right.residual_unknowns.length > 0
+          : trace?.verdict === "different" || trace?.verdict === "unknown"
             ? ({
                 status: "unknown",
                 reason:
-                  "Residual unknowns prevent proving that no divergence occurred.",
+                  "The declared trace differs or has insufficient journal evidence; per-source observations cannot locate its first cross-source divergence.",
               } as const)
-            : observedFirstDivergence;
+            : !sameNormalization ||
+                left.residual_unknowns.length > 0 ||
+                right.residual_unknowns.length > 0
+              ? ({
+                  status: "unknown",
+                  reason:
+                    "Residual unknowns prevent proving that no divergence occurred.",
+                } as const)
+              : observedFirstDivergence;
   const observedStatus = deriveProcessComparisonStatus(
     PROCESS_COMPARISON_DIMENSIONS.map((dimension) => dimensions[dimension]),
   );

src/domain/process/processTraceEvaluation.ts

@@ -131,6 +131,34 @@ type FiniteTraceEvaluation =
       readonly locationIndexes: readonly number[];
     };
 
+/** Distinguish pure omissions from displaced successors, without relaxing the language. */
+const finiteTraceOmissions = (
+  ids: readonly string[],
+  tokens: Extract<
+    ProcessTraceSpecification["language"],
+    { kind: "finite_traces" }
+  >["variants"][number]["trace"],
+): readonly string[] | undefined => {
+  let observed = 0;
+  const missing: string[] = [];
+  for (const token of tokens) {
+    const remaining = new Map<string, number>();
+    for (const id of typeof token === "string" ? [token] : token.unordered)
+      remaining.set(id, (remaining.get(id) ?? 0) + 1);
+    while (observed < ids.length) {
+      const id = ids[observed];
+      const count = id === undefined ? 0 : (remaining.get(id) ?? 0);
+      if (id === undefined || count === 0) break;
+      if (count === 1) remaining.delete(id);
+      else remaining.set(id, count - 1);
+      observed++;
+    }
+    for (const [id, count] of remaining)
+      for (let index = 0; index < count; index++) missing.push(id);
+  }
+  return observed === ids.length && missing.length > 0 ? missing : undefined;
+};
+
 /** Match variants once, retaining the best-prefix mismatch for attribution. */
 const evaluateFiniteTrace = (
   ids: readonly string[],
@@ -187,7 +215,12 @@ const evaluateFiniteTrace = (
         unexpected.length > 0 ||
         actual.length < expected.length
       ) {
-        recordMismatch(offset, missing, unexpected);
+        const omitted = finiteTraceOmissions(ids, variant.trace);
+        recordMismatch(
+          offset,
+          omitted ?? missing,
+          omitted === undefined ? unexpected : [],
+        );
         mismatched = true;
         break;
       }

src/domain/process/processTraceLifecycleFollowup.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+import { compareProcessCaptures } from "./processComparison.js";
+import {
+  capture,
+  processStarted,
+  terminal,
+} from "./processTraceComparison.fixture.js";
+import { parseProcessCapture } from "./processCaptureParsing.js";
+import { processTraceSpecificationSchema } from "./processTraceSpecification.js";
+
+const typed = {
+  sequence: 0,
+  scheduled_at_ms: 20,
+  dispatched_at_ms: 21,
+  type: "input",
+  data: "go",
+  outcome: "dispatched",
+};
+type Step = "ready" | "worker" | "typed";
+const observation = (order: readonly Step[], data = typed.data) => {
+  const base = capture({
+    frames: [terminal],
+    process_samples: order.includes("worker") ? [processStarted] : [],
+    event_journal: [
+      { collection: "frames", index: 0 },
+      ...(order.includes("worker")
+        ? [{ collection: "process_samples" as const, index: 0 }]
+        : []),
+    ],
+  });
+  return parseProcessCapture({
+    ...base,
+    interaction_events: [{ ...typed, data }],
+    event_journal: [
+      { collection: "filesystem_checkpoints", index: 0 },
+      ...order.map((id) => ({
+        collection:
+          id === "ready"
+            ? "frames"
+            : id === "worker"
+              ? "process_samples"
+              : "interaction_events",
+        index: 0,
+      })),
+      { collection: "lifecycle", index: 0 },
+      { collection: "lifecycle", index: 1 },
+      { collection: "filesystem_checkpoints", index: 1 },
+    ].map((entry, capture_order) => ({ ...entry, capture_order })),
+  });
+};
+const specification = (required = false, tail = false, unordered = false) =>
+  processTraceSpecificationSchema.parse({
+    events: [
+      {
+        id: "ready",
+        source: "terminal_raw",
+        exact: terminal,
+        cardinality: { kind: "required" },
+      },
+      {
+        id: "worker",
+        source: "process",
+        exact: processStarted,
+        cardinality: { kind: required ? "required" : "optional" },
+      },
+      {
+        id: "typed",
+        source: "interaction",
+        exact: typed,
+        cardinality: { kind: "required" },
+      },
+    ],
+    language: {
+      kind: "finite_traces",
+      variants: [
+        {
+          id: "declared",
+          trace: unordered
+            ? [{ unordered: ["ready", "worker"] }, "typed"]
+            : tail
+              ? ["ready", "typed", "worker"]
+              : ["ready", "worker", "typed"],
+        },
+      ],
+    },
+  });
+
+describe("process trace omission and localization boundaries", () => {
+  it.each([
+    { reverse: false, required: false, tail: false, unordered: false },
+    { reverse: true, required: false, tail: false, unordered: false },
+    { reverse: false, required: true, tail: false, unordered: false },
+    { reverse: false, required: false, tail: true, unordered: false },
+    { reverse: false, required: false, tail: false, unordered: true },
+  ])(
+    "attributes only the omitted process observation ($reverse/$required/$tail/$unordered)",
+    ({ reverse, required, tail, unordered }) => {
+      const full = observation(
+        tail ? ["ready", "typed", "worker"] : ["ready", "worker", "typed"],
+      );
+      const missing = observation(["ready", "typed"]);
+      expect(full.interaction_events).toEqual(missing.interaction_events);
+      const result = compareProcessCaptures(
+        reverse ? missing : full,
+        reverse ? full : missing,
+        { traceSpecification: specification(required, tail, unordered) },
+      );
+      expect(result).toMatchObject({
+        status: "changed",
+        interaction: "unchanged",
+        process: "changed",
+        terminal: "unchanged",
+        first_divergence: { status: "found", dimension: "process", index: 0 },
+        trace: {
+          verdict: "different",
+          diagnostic: { event_ids: ["worker"], locations: [] },
+        },
+      });
+    },
+  );
+
+  it("keeps a genuine cross-source reorder changed and localization unknown", () => {
+    const result = compareProcessCaptures(
+      observation(["ready", "worker", "typed"]),
+      observation(["ready", "typed", "worker"]),
+      { traceSpecification: specification() },
+    );
+    expect(result).toMatchObject({
+      status: "changed",
+      interaction: "changed",
+      process: "changed",
+      first_divergence: { status: "unknown" },
+      trace: { verdict: "different" },
+    });
+  });
+
+  it("retains a real interaction payload difference and its location", () => {
+    const result = compareProcessCaptures(
+      observation(["ready", "worker", "typed"]),
+      observation(["ready", "worker", "typed"], "stop"),
+      { traceSpecification: specification() },
+    );
+    expect(result).toMatchObject({
+      interaction: "changed",
+      first_divergence: { status: "found", dimension: "interaction", index: 0 },
+    });
+  });
+
+  it("does not claim no divergence when the requested journal is unavailable", () => {
+    const full = observation(["ready", "worker", "typed"]);
+    const historical = parseProcessCapture({ ...full, event_journal: [] });
+    expect(
+      compareProcessCaptures(full, historical, {
+        traceSpecification: specification(),
+      }),
+    ).toMatchObject({
+      first_divergence: { status: "unknown" },
+      trace: { verdict: "unknown" },
+    });
+    expect(
+      compareProcessCaptures(full, full, {
+        traceSpecification: specification(),
+      }),
+    ).toMatchObject({
+      status: "unchanged",
+      first_divergence: { status: "none" },
+      trace: { verdict: "equivalent" },
+    });
+    expect(compareProcessCaptures(full, historical)).toMatchObject({
+      status: "unchanged",
+      first_divergence: { status: "none" },
+    });
+  });
+});